It does not matter who does it. It does not matter how much (or how little) skill they have as a designer. It does not matter if it was planned or not, tested or not, researched or not. Anyone can do it.
design happens
That is the problem with design - if you think it up and make it then you are a designer.
I have seen so many projects fail because unskilled designers tried to create. I am talking about web apps and other digital information systems created by the companies I have worked for over the past 10 years. I am talking about projects conceived by executives and then designed by them without any consultation with the folks inside their organization who have the skills to make their ideas reality.
Here is how a project typically runs - “the business” has an idea that will generate money, solve a problem, or meet a need (all just ways to make money really). The folks in “the business” look at what their competitors are doing, they think about what they would want, they talk to other “business people” and then they decide what they want to build.
They start a project to build their vision into reality. They want people to just do it. They do not want anyone to conduct the kind of research that would lead to a real understanding of how this product will be used. They do not want anyone to question their vision, even if that means refining it and honing it into an effective solution, product, design, etc. They do not want users to test the design to see if it can be used. They just want it done.
That is when projects fail.
So how do they succeed? Look at how the Palm Pilot came to be. Its creator, Jeff Hawkins used a block of wood that he carried with him for months to see how he would use mini computer. He actually tested his high tech vision with wood and some paper. He did the kind of research that takes a good idea and makes it a great idea.
Look at the iPod … Here is a device that is not the first digital music player on the market and yet it is now the dominant player out there. If the iPod designers had simply done what their competitors were doing would the final solution been as elegant and useable as the iPod we have today? No. Instead they tested, investigated, researched, and then designed the product for use.
For a product to truly succeed it must be intentionally designed to be used by real people. That type of design requires research, testing, and willingness to acknowledge that a good product is not always the one with the largest feature set. Why most product managers do not understand this simple truth is beyond my comprehension.
The iPod proved that rushing to market is not a justifiable motivator to cut corners on design. The success of the Palm Pilot shows that when you think about how people will actually use your product then people will actually use your product.
Design is more than ideas made real. Solid design happens when the designer stands to the side, turns down the ego, watches people do things, and then uses that as inspiration to create solutions that will work.
That is how design should happen. Not by the edict from an executive but from the needs of real people - observed, understood, and then used to make great things.